With responsive design, the only thing that changes across devices is the styling (which is controlled by CSS). This configuration makes it easier for Google to crawl your pages and retrieve your content. To quote Google, "This improvement in crawling efficiency can indirectly help Google index more of the site's …

In Search Console, there's a report called Links to your site which can show you the domains linking to you. Take a look at them - if you are happy with what you see, all is good. If you're shocked by what you find, you will need to take further action …